culturebriefs
9:40in productionCh. 1 · Who he is/ 9:40 · ceiling 15 min
Art · Ideas

Hayao Miyazaki

Miyazaki didn’t reinvent animation—he reasserted it as a single, unbroken act of human attention.

Miyazaki’s films are not 'escapist'. They are exacting, slow, and ethically strenuous. They were made for Japanese audiences first—not global festivals or streaming algorithms. They assume children can hold contradiction. They assume adults will watch twice.

Chapters & takeaways4
  1. 1:00
    Who he is

    Miyazaki is a Japanese animator, filmmaker, and manga artist who co-founded Studio Ghibli.

  2. 2:45
    How he works

    He built Studio Ghibli in 1985 and developed stories through storyboards—not scripts.

  3. 4:38
    What he says

    His films centre strong young women and morally complex antagonists while asking hard questions about nature, technology and pacifism.

  4. 6:04
    How he makes it

    He draws every frame by hand and oversees each one—even after adding CGI from Princess Mononoke onward.

Worth your time?

Yes. Study the whole thing.

4.5/ 5
What works
  • Laputa: Castle in the Sky (1986)
  • My Neighbor Totoro (1988)
  • Kiki's Delivery Service (1989)
  • Porco Rosso (1992)
What does not
  • iconic
  • groundbreaking
  • seminal
  • timeless
Study it if
  • animators
  • film students
  • readers of Japanese manga
Skip it if
  • casual streamers
  • fans of fast-paced action
The written brief1 min read

What the thing is

Hayao Miyazaki is a Japanese animator, filmmaker, and manga artist who co-founded Studio Ghibli in 1985. He directs films using storyboards instead of scripts, draws every frame by hand, and adds CGI only to enrich—not replace—the 2D form.

Where it came from

Miyazaki’s practice originated in Tokyo City. His defining studio work began in 1985 with the founding of Studio Ghibli, followed by Laputa: Castle in the Sky (1986), My Neighbor Totoro (1988), Kiki’s Delivery Service (1989), and Porco Rosso (1992).

What it gets right

He treats animation as total authorship. Storyboards replace screenplays. Every frame is overseen. Hand-drawn integrity is preserved even when CGI is added. His themes—nature versus technology, pacifism under pressure, girls as agents not symbols—are woven into structure, not tacked on.

What it gets wrong

His method leaves no room for collaborative writing or iterative revision. It assumes one person’s vision can hold narrative, ethics and aesthetics without contradiction—and that the hand-drawn imperative is inherently superior to other forms of image-making.

Why it matters now

At a time when animation is increasingly outsourced, algorithmically assisted and franchise-driven, Miyazaki’s insistence on authorial control, material labour, and moral ambiguity stands as a counter-model—not nostalgic, but operational.

Is it worth your time

Yes—if you want to see hand-drawn animation treated as a sovereign craft, not a stylistic choice. Miyazaki’s films demand attention because they refuse compromise: no shortcuts, no outsourcing, no moral simplification.

Same beat · Art4 of 103
9:10
Cinema of Hong KongHong Kong cinema is one of the three major threads in Chinese-language cinema, alongside the cinema of China and the cinema of Taiwan. As a former Crown colony, Hong Kong had a greater degree of artistic freedom than mainland China and Taiwan and developed into a filmmaking hub for the Chinese-speaking world (including its worldwide diaspora). Hong Kong became the leading film exporter in East Asia in the 1960s, with its film output surpassing Hollywood, and remained the second-largest exporter (after Hollywood) from the 1970s through the 1990s. It also had the third-largest film industry in the world during the 1980s and 1990s, behind Hollywood and Bollywood. Unlike many film industries, Hong Kong has enjoyed little or no direct government support, through either subsidies or import quotas. Despite an industry crisis starting in the mid-1990s and Hong Kong's transfer to Chinese sovereignty in July 1997, Hong Kong film has retained much of its distinctive identity and continues to play a prominent part on the world cinema stage. In the West, Hong Kong's vigorous pop cinema (especially Hong Kong action cinema) has long had a strong cult following, which is now a part of the cultural mainstream, widely available and imitated. Economically, the film industry together with the value added of cultural and creative industries represents 5 per cent of Hong Kong's economy.
10:28
Cannes Film Festival1946The Cannes Film Festival is an annual, invitation-only film festival held in Cannes, France. It previews new films of all genres, including documentaries. It was founded in 1946, though its origins trace to 1938. It is considered the most prestigious film festival in the world and one of the Big Three European festivals. Its creation was driven by France's desire to counter the fascist-biased Venice Film Festival.
11:08
Cinema of JapanJapanese cinema is a continuous, state-intervened, formally rigorous practice—from gentō lanterns to anime box office records—whose global impact rests on internal discipline, not external validation.
8:15
Academy Awards1929The Academy Awards launched in 1929 as a closed, procedural exercise—not a spectacle. Its early mechanics reveal how legitimacy in film was bureaucratised before it was broadcast.
Up next in Culture

Hugh Hefner

· 9:21

Playboy didn’t liberate male sexuality—it outsourced its ethics to a chequebook and a calendar shoot.

9:21